The Gap free essay sample

An investigation of the promoting technique of garments retailer, The Gap. The Gap is among the best retailers in the North American market, with deals of over $13.8 billion out of 2001 and near 4,500 stores around the world. This paper gives a chronicled image of The Gaps advertising system throughout the years, breaks down the qualities, shortcomings and results of the methodology, and portrays proposals for development. The Gap has had various imaginative effective promoting efforts. The 1988 Individuals of Style picture crusade was amazingly fruitful (Sommers, et.al., 1998) in advancing its fundamental dress and outlining how people could customize the product. This battle highlighted highly contrasting photographs in print and open air promotions. This battle was duplicated in 2001, yet didn't get the level of fame and media consideration that the prior form got. The 1997 Khakis Swing effort gave another effective promoting attempt through TV advertisements that were supplemented by print advertisements in a comparable style. We will compose a custom article test on The Gap or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page As indicated by a USA Today survey (n.d.), around 33% of all respondents surveyed gave the battle the most elevated conceivable rating for amiability and adequacy, ten rate focuses higher than the normal. The Gap free exposition test The sun scarcely radiates through the thick leaves; the old tree occupied as much space as the high rises permitted. It developed as tall as the structures and sat lackadaisical on a raised stage. There was an enormous hole between its solid walled grower and the street. As I sat on my bicycle I gazed at the hole and delayed, I contemplated internally you can make it. My hands firmly grasped the handle bar; without another idea I hustled down the road. Gameboy, a famous gaming gadget, is the fantasy of any multi year old Chinese kid. Be that as it may, I lived with my grandparents, and with regards to the word â€Å"popular†, grandparents are not the most refreshed. With a constrained remittance to purchase snacks, I never had my hands on one of them. Rather, I had my humble assortment of airsoft weapons, in-line skates, and my bicycle. Instead of sitting lifelessly before a screen, I burned through the vast majority of my youth bouncing over holes with my bicycle and moving outside the window of a ten story condo. We will compose a custom paper test on The Gap or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page However, no â€Å"gap† was greater than my transition to America. It wasn’t anything besides an easygoing call between my mother and me that chose my migration. My mother lived in Switzerland for as far back as I can recollect; when she chose to move to America she requested that I go with her. For me it was anything but a serious deal aside from that I needed to become familiar with another dialect and make completely new companions. Despite the fact that when the plane removed, the irreversible idea of the circumstance sneaked its way into my psyche. Growing up with four unique homes, I encountered instructive decent variety. While my grandma raised my social mindfulness, my granddad demonstrated me the significance of information. Be that as it may, when it went to my auntie, discipline was the most significant. Despite the fact that I found the foods of France through long stretches of TV, I was acquainted with a drastically new culture just because during my outing to Europe at a youthful age. In addition to the fact that i was ready to taste the rich and flavorful Swiss Chocolate, however I additionally saw the impeccable Mona Lisa in Louver. To me, these undertakings have amounted to nothing however fervors and additional opportunities, and that is actually what I looked like at America. The correspondence troubles in a remote nation was a reasonable cost to pay for the significantly less measure of schoolwork I needed to do in school. In spite of the fact that I needed to continually battle to comprehend my preferred kid's shows on Cartoon Network I knew soon I’ll be perusing books like The Art of War in English. I instructed myself to consistently keep a receptive outlook. It didn’t matter that I wasn’t ready to articulate the word zucchini, since I realize that I will say it directly next time. Nor did I feel humiliated for soliciting what a piece from cake implied, in light of the fact that I realized I would not learn something else. It never happened to me that something is inconceivable; it was inevitable. I am not, at this point terrified of troubles. I realize that the main thing of significance is to keep an inspirational standpoint, and simply like the day I hopped the hole with my bicycle, I won't be threatened however rather to endeavor, with tolerance, generally advantageous.

gender changes in the sun also rises Essay example -- essays research

The Sun Also Rises, by Ernest Hemingway is an account of being separated of the â€Å"Lost Generation† in the 1920's. The Great War had changed the thoughts of ethical quality, confidence and equity and numerous individuals started to feel lost. Their conventional qualities were changed and the ethics for all intents and purposes gone. The â€Å"Lost Generation† dismissed Victorian belief systems about sexual orientation, sex and personality. The primary characters, Brett and Jake, reclassify manliness and gentility, floating away from the Victorian standards of sexuality and personality.  â â â â      Lady Brett Ashley is an ideal case of how ladies in the â€Å"Lost Generation† changed. Brett takes a stab at a uniqueness that Victorian ladies would not search for. She additionally looks for greater movement in the social circle. By doing these things, Brett rejects the Victorian standards of appropriate conduct of ladies and marriage. The time after the Great War is an ideal stage in which Brett can start to communicate openly. She enters the social scene, which is predominately male, despite the fact that she isn't socially acknowledged. She goes to bars and becomes inebriated, she even goes to bullfights, which are grisly furthermore, brutal, to attempt to get acknowledged by her male partners as not simply a ‘woman’ yet an individual equivalent to them. Brett likewise utilizes sex to break free of the customary Victorian beliefs and to investigate another way of life where ladies are allowed to do however they see fit. â€Å"Victorianism set up clear [emphasis added] sexual limits and a solitary standard of monogamy for men and ladies that guaranteed a steady family and took into account enthusiasm inside serious relationships. † (White) Brett clearly tosses these limits out the entryway. She is described as a female unconstrained by sexual constraint, approaching laying down with whomever she feels fit, relentless by the Victorian philosophies of what ladies and sex ought to be. In any case, her numerous insignificant, broken associations with men are more than once as turbulent as the new, present day world in which she lives.      Throughout her numerous endeavors to separate herself from the customary world, she despite everything acts uncertainly about what she needs. Woman Brett in numerous ways is torn between the new present day lady and the optimistic Victorian lady. You can see this in her reliance on men for cash, as in her engagem... ... to be with Brett, however he can not due to his mishap. Since sex is such a main impetus in Brett’s life, she was unable to stand to be with him. Jake must be companions with Brett, this gives us the possibility of another sort of connection among people.      In end, Jake and Brett do an awesome activity of making the change from Victorian plans to present day convictions noticeable to perusers. Not just do they reclassify their sexuality, however they appear to go however such a job inversion, where females forcefully express their sentiments and men cry.  â â â â Works Cited Elliott, Ira. â€Å"Performance Art: Jake Barnes and Masculine Signification.†  â â â â      American Literature Mar. 1995: 1-2 Fulton, Lorie Watkins. â€Å"Reading Around Jake’s Narration: Brett Ashley and  â â â â      The Sun Also Rises.† Hemingway Review Fall 2004: 20-61 White, Kevin. Sexual Liberation or Sexual License?: The American Revolt  â â â â      Against Victorian Sexuality. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 2000.

Video Games Bring People Together Essay Example for Free

Computer games Bring People Together Essay Since the time the day that I was conceived I have had a computer game comfort in my home. Having a computer game reassure in my home as long as I can remember has carried numerous happy encounters to my life. So I accept that specific computer games can unite individuals. Despite the fact that my father had two years to rehearse on the reassure, around one year after I began utilizing the support I was at that point superior to him. This constrained him to begin playing the game after I had hit the hay so he would likewise improve. Numerous individuals consistently state that computer games are an immense exercise in futility. They couldn’t be all the more off-base. I have acknowledged in the wake of considering my life that specific computer games have given my a portion of my best recollections. I even feel that I am by all account not the only individual on the planet who has seen how games have influenced their life. A computer game additionally won’t worthwhile motivation individuals to have a ton of fun together it will manufacture an exceptional association between them. The one game that influenced me the most was my absolute first game, Diddy Kong Racing. Diddy Kong Racing is a dashing game, on the off chance that you can’t tell from the title. In the game you travel around into various regions attempting to open keys, by winning races obviously, that will permit you to advance. Diddy Kong Racing was my absolute first game that I had ever played and my father was continually attempting to show me how to play. This game likewise carried numerous fun and serious encounters with my father and my mother on specific events. The most significant involvement in this game was on a four hour trip from Washington D.C. to New York. My mom’s vehicle had the option to have a computer game reassure introduced in it and the vehicle likewise incorporated a video screen. So all through the whole excursion my father and I sat in the rear of my mom’s vehicle playing Diddy Kong Racing. I realize four hours appears to be quite a while yet as the expression goes â€Å"time flies when you are having fun.† These four hours was presumably the best holding experience I had with my father. Computer games have gave me that they don’t cause individuals to become against social however that it causes the specific inverse. Whenever utilized in the correct manner computer games could be accustomed to bring individuals from over the world together and possibly change it.

All About Famous Memorials and Monuments of the U.S.

About Famous Memorials and Monuments of the U.S. How would we recall significant occasions? How might we best respect our dead? Would it be a good idea for us to pay tribute with reasonable models of our legends? Or on the other hand, will the landmark be increasingly significant and significant in the event that we pick conceptual structures? At times the ghastliness of occasions are excessively incredible to precisely speak to. The structure of a landmark or remembrance is frequently more emblematic than an exact portrayal. Amazing Memorials in the U.S. National September 11 Memorial, New York, NYU.S.S. Arizona, Honolulu, HIVietnam Veterans Memorial, Jefferson Memorial, Washington Monument, Lincoln Memorial, and the National WWII Memorial in Washington, D.C.Gateway Arch, St. Louis, MOMount Rushmore National Memorial, SD Frequently the most remarkable dedications - the landmarks that mix forceful feeling - are encircled with discussion. The dedications and landmarks recorded here show different ways engineers and originators have decided to respect legends, react to disasters, or honor significant occasions. The commemoration is there to give an encounter, Michael Arad has said. That experience, most likely, includes memory. It is nothing unexpected that the word dedication originates from the Latin word memoria, which means memory. Design is memory. Dedications and landmarks recount to a story. To Honor and Remember People and Events What number of structures have you lived in? Where did you make your home when you were a youngster? when you initially went to class? first became hopelessly enamored? Our recollections are inseparably tied with place. Occasions in our lives are forever snared with where they occurred. In any event, when all the subtleties might be fluffy, the feeling of spot is everlastingly with us. Design can be amazing markers of recollections, so instructing that we once in a while intentionally make commemorations to respect and recall individuals and occasions. We may make an unrefined twig cross to celebrate a youth pet. The cut stone on a relatives entombment site is worked to represent hundreds of years. Bronze plaques help a country to remember valiance in face of difficulty. Solid tombs can outwardly introduce the extent of catastrophes. How would we use design to communicate misfortune and trust in reestablishment? Does it bode well to burn through a great many dollars building September 11 remembrances? How we go through our cash is a progressing banter for families, countries, and foundations. The First Monuments and Memorials The most punctual manifestations worked by man for purposes other than cover were profound in natureâ -landmarks to higher forces and remembrances to respect the dead. One thinks about the ancient Stonehenge in Britain and the Grecian Parthenon worked in 432 B.C. for the goddess Athena. The main dedications may have been the incredible pyramids in Egypt, the tombs of the extraordinary rulers and pharaohs. Verifiably, people recall occasions identified with war. As inborn clashes became wars between country expresses, the victors have assembled landmarks to their triumphs. Landmarks planned as curves can be followed back to the triumphal curves of Rome, for example, the Arch of Titus (A.D. 82) and the Arch of Constantine (A.D. 315). These Roman curves affected nineteenth and twentieth century war remembrances around the globe, including one of the most celebrated triumphal curves, the 1836 Arc de Triomphe in Paris, France. American War Memorials and Monuments The 1842 Bunker Hill Memorial close to Boston, Massachusetts memorializes the American Revolution and the fight that occurred on this hallowed ground. In the United States, battlegrounds themselves are frequently viewed as the commemoration. All through American history, remembrance design has been assembled both locally and broadly. American Civil War: Monuments to Civil War saints keep on separating the country. Networks and gatherings who had raised landmarks to Confederate war legends of the nineteenth century found these dedications being expelled in the 21st centuryâ -recalling a culture of servitude and racial oppression got untolerable to a general public battling with inclusion. Architecture can mix feelings and contention. Less dubious is the 1866 Civil War Unknowns Monument, the principal Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Arlington Cemetery. It is a mass grave of more than 2,000 fighters, both Union and Confederate, whose bones and bodies were gotten after grisly fights. The tomb is recorded in stone: Underneath this stone rest the bones of 2,000 one hundred and eleven obscure warriors accumulated after the war from the fields of Bull Run, and the course to the Rappahanock, their remaining parts couldn't be distinguished. Yet, their names and passings are recorded in the files of their nation, and its appreciative residents respect them as of their honorable armed force of saints. May they find happiness in the hereafter! September. A. D. 1866. World War I: A National World War I Memorial considered The Weight of Sacrifice authoritatively denotes the 100th commemoration of the finish of WWI as it is committed on November 11, 2018. The commemoration structure rivalry was won by the Chicago-based modeler Joseph Weishaar and New York City stone worker Sabin Howard. The commemoration in Washington, DCs Pershing Park is the main national landmark to this war occasion. The 1926 Liberty Memorial in Kansas City, Missouri had been viewed as a national remembrance due to the quantity of troopers who went through the city on their approach to war. The District of Columbia War Memorial in Washington, D.C. is viewed as a nearby landmark. World War II: Dedicated in 2004, the National World War II Memorial is situated on the National Mall in Washington, D.C. Friedrich St.Florian, the Austrian-conceived planner, won the opposition with his exceptionally representative structure. Not far off from St.Florians dedication is the notorious Iwo Jima Memorial. Close to Arlington National Cemetery, the sculpture repeats a powerful photo delineating a significant occasion in WWII Pacific War history. The 1954 sculpture, be that as it may, is truly called the United States Marine Corps War Memorial and is committed to all Marines who have given their lives with regards to the United States since 1775. Additionally, the close by 2006 United States Air Force Memorialâ and the 1987 United States Navy Memorial respect those military branches. The abhorrences of WWII may best be delineated at the U.S.S. Arizona Memorial at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, a 1962 exhibition hall worked over the body of a submerged ship. Keeping the vestiges of war has been a famous method to dazzle recollections of war on people in the future. In Hiroshima, Japan the Atomic Bomb Dome, the remaining parts of a structure from the 1945 nuclear bomb assault, is integral to the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park. Korean War: The Korean War Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C. was devoted July 27, 1995, decades after the 1953 peace negotiation. In contrast to different remembrances, the Korean War Veterans Memorial respects the about 6,000,000 Americans who served during the three-year struggle and not simply the people who gave their lives. Vietnam War: The Vietnam Veterans Memorial Wall - the dubious structure by planner Maya Lin - was devoted in 1982 and stays one of the most visited locales in Washington, D.C. One of its most passionate interests is the intelligent idea of the engraved stone, where a watchers picture can actually be considered while mirroring the names of the dead and missing. A bronze sculpture of three troopers was included 1964 and the Vietnam Womens Memorial sculpture was included 1993. Fear based oppression: another sort of war for the United States is undeclared, yet the ghastliness of psychological warfare is everpresent. Michael Arads vision for a National September 11 Memorial in New York City mirrors the nonappearance of what once existed - the two structures and individuals are to be recalled. In Shanksville, Pennsylvania, a 90-foot wind ring called the Tower of Voices houses 40 tonal cylinders that sing together as the voices of the 40 travelers and team of United Flight 93. September 11 commemorations regularly use imagery to respect spot and individuals. <img information srcset=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/JxZguNPiWAHzm-OTNbzpxG3YMk4=/300x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/design voices-shanksville-1029999682-crop-5b96945f46e0fb002541183a.jpg 300w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/iTLTEQZQaCQy3f6oiz304QoeWa0=/1089x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/engineering voices-shanksville-1029999682-crop-5b96945f46e0fb002541183a.jpg 1089w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/ - EFmVymsgD7ww8uXjaKzlp5SYwg=/1878x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/engineering voices-shanksville-1029999682-crop-5b96945f46e0fb002541183a.jpg 1878w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/h2SgmkkYDyqcv_Ag0K8RC2qWKsU=/3457x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/design voices-shanksville-1029999682-crop-5b96945f46e0fb002541183a.jpg 3457w information src=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/r-I2ybxtu7_WQR01t7qDcbXC5h4=/3457x2301/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/design voices-shanksville-1029999682-crop-5b96945f46e0fb002541183a.jpg src=//:0 alt=tall, slim stone ringer tower in a field of blossoms class=lazyload information click-tracked=true information img-lightbox=true information expand=300 id=mntl-sc-square image_1-0-40 information following container=true /> The Tower of Voices in Shanksville, Pennsylvania. Jeff Swensen/Getty Images (trimmed) Tomb of the Unknown Soldier The 1921 Tomb of the Unknowns, or the Tomb of the Unknown Soldiers, at Arlington National Cemetery is a basic white marble stone casket (final resting place) that holds ground-breaking emblematic importance. Like the dividers of the 1922 Lincoln Memorial, the Tomb of the Unknowns is developed with splendid white marble from the Yule Quarry in Colorado. Neoclassical pilasters, wreaths speaking to the significant clashes of World War I, and Grecian figures representing Peace, Victory, and Valor brighten the marble boards. One board is recorded: HERE RESTS IN HONORED GLORY AN AMERICAN

Girl Against the Jungle Personal Response Free Essays

The plane smashed and Juliann was tossed out away from any confining influence air. She lost cognizant faculties. There were minutes where I truly respected Julienne. We will compose a custom article test on Young lady Against the Jungle Personal Response or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now Despite the fact that she was 10 SST in the Amazon Jungle, she despite everything stayed cool and decided. At the point when she woke up an after the blast, she was distant from everyone else, she had no hopelessness and had no dread. She looked are fix smoothly and was prepared to discover an exit from the wilderness. In the following day, she was gravely burned from the sun and was assaulted by numerous mosquitoes and pony flies, however she did don’t care, he was resolved, she kept on feeling that there will be an exit plan. She r disapproved of quiet and was not dampened by the way that she was not seen by the plane that just flew past. I was truly astounded on what she was thinking. Some of the time I really wonder how Julienne endures everything. She fell 2 mile s off the sky and had wounds. A bone was standing out from underneath her neck. Instructions to refer to Girl Against the Jungle Personal Response, Papers

Managing Diversity in Organizations-Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.How would you describe the primary Economic, legalpolitical and sociocultural contrasts impacting the connection between the accomplices in Shui Fabrics? 2.How would you characterize Shui's center issue? Are sociocultural contrasts the principle hidden reason for this issue? Why or why not? 3.What effect, positive or negative, does an all-male Board bring to the Organization? 4.How may Burger Fuel grasp considerably progressively social decent variety inside its Organization? Answers: Questions 1.Economic contrasts To the Rocky Rivers, the ROI of 5 percent was not palatable throughout the previous three years and is thinking about to pull out from the endeavor potentially It is accepted by Shanghai Fabrics that at an ideal ROI of 5 percent the organization is working. From the neighborhood specialists, the organization may land in boiling water in the event that it is expanded (Austin, 2013). 3000 employments have just been made was added to the countrys economy, with a joblessness pace of 20 percent. Lawful Political contrasts In China, the remote speculation arrangements are profoundly directed Remote organizations are confronting stricter guidelines With lawful political gauges, it has a track (Clegg, Kornberger Pitsis, 2015) Socio-Cultural contrasts In direction of execution, it is extraordinary Less consideration is paid by the Chinese towards benefits rather its center is more in making occupations for their populace By lessening the workforce the Americans are resolved in accomplishing the most elevated ROI by having center more around the proficiency Execution direction: High accentuation on execution is set by Americans and they reward individuals for enhancements in their exhibition and the greatness. They need to picture execution with economy, higher benefit desire and to be arranged to the errand (Guillaume et al., 2014). Compassionate Orientation: The primary worry of Chinese is the production of employments which is viewed as the genuine commitment to the neighborhood economy. 2.The center issue of Shuis is the absence of correspondence and the absence of social knowledge. The estimation of accomplishment of the two accomplices is distinctive as for American and Chinese accomplices of Shui textures. The exhibition of the organization is the agreeable component for Chinese accomplices as it helped in making the occupations and boosting the economy while the ROI is just 5 percent with which the Americans are not satisfied since most recent three years. Indeed, we accept that the sociocultural distinction of both the accomplices is the fundamental reason for the issue. In deciding the achievement the impact of sociocultural foundation is too enormous degree (Torry, 2017). In the event that the circumstance was to be taken care of by me, at that point we would just express that the all out benefit can't be expanded radically as we may be open in abusing the Chinese government. 3.The guidelines that are trailed by the organization are planned by the corporate administration. This corporate administration includes the board individuals from the association. So this gives off an impression of being having the positive effect as the structure is administered by them by the board individuals. As indicated by the yearly report of Burger Fuel 2009, the duty of the corporate administration of the gathering is given to the directorate (Guillaume et al., 2014). In this, the control and the course of the business are included. For this situation, the Burger Fuel comprises of six men in, the board individuals who have a few destinations which are as per the following: Needs to set up the Burger fuel around the world Hazard the executives is controlled Be that as it may, in the BFW restricted business and issues for the general activity, the board is dependable from the benefit of the investors. Despite the fact that the figures acquired from the yearly report of 2014 recommend that all in all the association and board are performing great with a positive effect on the organization as there is a development of the business universally and locally. 4.Possibly in the worldwide market, the most significant component is the thought of the way of life. Henceforth Burger fuel needs to perceive that progressively social assorted variety must be grasped by it inside the association for its prosperity. From the past experience of the workers, it is comprehended that Burger Fuel is engaged with welcoming the individuals from all the way of life who are profoundly energetic as it is their worth (Clegg, Kornberger Pitsis, 2015). The organization should keep offering a pleasant workplace to the representatives who has been encountering it. Reasonable compensation approach must be actualized for all the workers without partiality. It needs to fabricate the group condition from different societies by giving the workplace in a perfect way. References Austin, R. D. (2013). Estimating and overseeing execution in associations. Addison-Wesley. Clegg, S. R., Kornberger, M., Pitsis, T. (2015). Overseeing and associations: A prologue to hypothesis and practice. Sage. Guillaume, Y. R., Dawson, J. F., Priola, V., Sacramento, C. A., Woods, S. A., Higson, H. E., ... West, M. A. (2014). Overseeing assorted variety in associations: An integrative model and motivation for future research. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 23(5), 783-802. Torry, M. (2017). Dealing with God's business: Religious and religious associations and their administration. Routledge.

Lifelong learning Opportunities for Hult alumni

As a Hult student, your education doesn’t end at graduation. To be a successful global professional in a climate of constant business change, you’ll need to keep your skills sharp and always be open to opportunities for learning and development. And we’re here to help. As a member of Hult’s Alumni Association, youll have access to a huge array of benefits and resources. One of those benefits is that, every year, you’re entitled to take an elective at any of Hult’s global campuses or rotation centers. So, you can keep yourself and your skillset relevant for the duration of your career—no matter the changes you make on your professional path. Discover what Hult alumni have to say about the experience of Lifelong Learning on campus. Bindu Joseph Executive MBA Class of 2014 â€Å"Hult’s Lifelong Learning option is a great opportunity for Hult alumni to keep upskilling. This summer, I decided to take Scenario Planning taught by Professor Olaf Groth. I was looking for an elective that revolved around strategy  and this fitted the description. ‘WOW’ is probably the simplest way that I could explain my experience. Professor Groth was so involved and passionate about the subject matter that it was hard not to be inspired. Of all the courses taken to date at Hult, this would be in my top three.† Hult’s Lifelong Learning option is a great opportunity for alumni to keep upskilling.  Ã¢â‚¬ËœWOW’ is probably the simplest way that I could explain my experience. Husam Hijjawi Masters in International Business Class of 2015 â€Å"I’d like to thank Hult for this great opportunity to stay up-to-date and meet great people, continuously emphasizing that learning is a lifelong journey that doesn’t simply end at graduation. After doing my Masters in International Business in Boston and working in sales for a year and a half in Palestine, I decided to take the Brand Strategic Management course at the Shanghai campus. I wanted to thoroughly understand the process of building and maintaining a brand and keeping consumers engaged. I had a memorable experience and also discovered a great city. I would recommend these electives to every alum.† Ricardo Sarmiento MBA Class of 2014 â€Å"I graduated from a full-time MBA on the Dubai Campus in 2014, and Ive taken two electives so far. One was Data Analytics for Managerial Decision-Making, where we learned how to use a powerful tool like Tableau for data visualization. The other was Solutions Marketing: a new way of doing marketing for a digital world. Digital is a very complex vertical that will continue to grow and evolve. Lifelong Learning has given me the opportunity to learn about the latest trends and tools in the market and be one step ahead of the curve.† Shelly Heaven Executive MBA Class of 2015 â€Å"I chose Return Driven Strategy, because it was a highly recommended course. I also saw it as a course that would be immediately applicable and highly beneficial in my current business. It was my first time visiting the New York campus and my first course since finishing my EMBA. The best part was being able to experience all that Hult had to offer without the pressure of assignments and graded work. It felt like a reward truly deserved after two years of hard work to complete the Executive MBA.† The best part was being able to experience all that Hult had to offer without the pressure of assignments and graded work.† Cesar Eduardo Rubio Bachelor of Business Administration Class of 2014 â€Å"I was looking forward to taking an alumni elective course. I think it’s a great opportunity to keep learning, get to know the atmosphere on the different campuses, and do networking. I took International Negotiations, since it was a course I didnt previously take and seemed to be an important tool for my career. The class was amazing. The professor one of the best I ever had, and the group was as internationally diverse as my previous Hult experiences.†    Learn more about available electives and how to register here.   Step up your game with executive education at Ashridge agile business school. To find out more, take a look at our blog Hult Ashridge: A year of innovations, or firm up your exec career footing with a Masters in International Business from Hult. Download a brochure or get in touch today to find out how Hult can help you learn everything about the business world, the future, and yourself. Hult Rotation offers you a chance to study in a truly global way. Our rotation program allows you to study and be immersed in some of the finest cities in the world. 📠¸: @jasminmanzano . Hult Rotation offers you a chance to study in a truly global way. Our rotation program allows you to study and be immersed in some of the finest cities in the world. 📠¸: @jasminmanzano . Each year, Hult seeks to enroll a talented and ambitious incoming class from all over the world. We look for diverse students with a wide range of experiences, perspectives, and interests—students who will thrive in our unique educational atmosphere. Are you ready for a truly global experience? 📠¸: @iambrunadiniz . Each year, Hult seeks to enroll a talented and ambitious incoming class from all over the world. We look for diverse students with a wide range of experiences, perspectives, and interests—students who will thrive in our unique educational atmosphere. Are you ready for a truly global experience? 📠¸: @iambrunadiniz . We’re excited to start 2020 on a ranking high! Hult is proud to have been placed #28 in Poets Quants 2020 rankings for Best Undergraduate Business Schools in the US. Taking a huge leap of 32 places from our 2019 position, we’re also very happy to have secured top positions in key categories like: life-changing experience, practicality of the degree, and global immersion. . With five global campuses, a student body of over 130 nationalities, and a learn-by-doing approach—Hult offers a student experience like no other. . We’re excited to start 2020 on a ranking high! Hult is proud to have been placed #28 in Poets Quants 2020 rankings for Best Undergraduate Business Schools in the US. Taking a huge leap of 32 places from our 2019 position, we’re also very happy to have secured top positions in key categories like: life-changing experience, practicality of the degree, and global immersion. . With five global campuses, a student body of over 130 nationalities, and a learn-by-doing approach—Hult offers a student experience like no other. . â€Å"I’m from an engineering background and needed a whole new skill set for the industry I wanted to switch to. I learned a lot about myself and how I deal with being out of my comfort zone. I learned both soft and hard skills, from how to work in very diverse teams to key accounting metrics and strategy. I was surprised by how weak I was at certain tasks in English or how strong I actually was in other areas. Hult gave me opportunities to try new things and meet people from places I never thought I would have friends. . My internship experiences gave me the chance to broaden my view of different cultures and different companies. I had the opportunity to work and live with people whose values differed from people in my home country. I thought that this would be difficult, but it gave me the chance to reflect on my own values and assess if they were a result of my home country environment or if they were intrinsically mine. . Diederick ter Kulve (@diederick.terkulve) Netherlands Masters in International Business . â€Å"I’m from an engineering background and needed a whole new skill set for the industry I wanted to switch to. I learned a lot about myself and how I deal with being out of my comfort zone. I learned both soft and hard skills, from how to work in very diverse teams to key accounting metrics and strategy. I was surprised by how weak I was at certain tasks in English or how strong I actually was in other areas. Hult gave me opportunities to try new things and meet people from places I never thought I would have friends. . My internship experiences gave me the chance to broaden my view of different cultures and different companies. I had the opportunity to work and live with people whose values differed from people in my home country. I thought that this would be difficult, but it gave me the chance to reflect on my own values and assess if they were a result of my home country environment or if they were intrinsically mine. . Diederick ter Kulve (@diederick.terkulve) Netherlands Masters in International Business . Say a big hello to our Bachelor of Business Administration program cover star, Elisa Orus Plana âÅ" ¨ . â€Å"I’m excited for the future—especially that I cant predict whats going to happen. Maybe Ill end up in Mexico working for a trading company or maybe in Africa, developing my own business. Everything is possible, and the options are constantly changing. I love the idea that Im never going to be stuck doing the same job until the end of my life if I dont want it to be like this. . Hult really supports me and my ambitions and truly believes that we deserve to be considered as professionals as well as students. Here, I get to express not just my opinions but all elements of myself. From my creative side with the Fashion Society to my finance and business sides in Trading Club and the Management Consulting Club. We get a different type of learning here. Not just essential knowledge and theory, but practical skills and mindset. The school is always evolving. We’re encouraged to innovate and to always look for new ways of doing traditional things. We learn how to be more confident and become aware of how we can impact our environment. The school aims to help you become a better version of yourself and to stand out from the crowd.â€Å" . Elisa Orus Plana French Bachelor of Business Administration Class of 2021 Say a big hello to our Bachelor of Business Administration program cover star, Elisa Orus Plana âÅ" ¨ . â€Å"I’m excited for the future—especially that I cant predict whats going to happen. Maybe Ill end up in Mexico working for a trading company or maybe in Africa, developing my own business. Everything is possible, and the options are constantly changing. I love the idea that Im never going to be stuck doing the same job until the end of my life if I dont want it to be like this. . Hult really supports me and my ambitions and truly believes that we deserve to be considered as professionals as well as students. Here, I get to express not just my opinions but all elements of myself. From my creative side with the Fashion Society to my finance and business sides in Trading Club and the Management Consulting Club. We get a different type of learning here. Not just essential knowledge and theory, but practical skills and mindset. The school is always evolving. We’re encouraged to innovate and to always look for new ways of doing traditional things. We learn how to be more confident and become aware of how we can impact our environment. The school aims to help you become a better version of yourself and to stand out from the crowd.â€Å" . Elisa Orus Plana French Bachelor of Business Administration Class of 2021"> During the final days of 2019, you probably reflected on what you’ve accomplished this year—and even this decade—and what you’d like to achieve in 2020. Let us know in the comments below. During the final days of 2019, you probably reflected on what you’ve accomplished this year—and even this decade—and what you’d like to achieve in 2020. Let us know in the comments below. â€Å"The first time we did group work on the program, I went head-to-head with a colleague. It taught me a lot about how I see people, how people see me, and how conflict can be resolved in a kind and productive way. The best feedback you get, when delivered constructively, is the most critical because it really feeds into how you lead. I’ve completely reversed my leadership style—the result is so much richer and more powerful when you lead from behind and lead with strength. . Studying in tandem with working, whilst challenging, gave me the perfect platform to directly apply learning concepts into my business environment, the competitive landscape, and the real-estate industry as a whole. When I started the program, I was very happy in my corporate role. But my courage and aspirations grew to the point that I took on a whole new direction. Having my career coach, Joanna, as a sounding board allowed me to really be strategic and get to know myself. She coached me thro ugh all the interviews, the research, and the questions. It went in parallel with what I was doing academically and after six months everything just clicked. . I went into the EMBA knowing I had nothing to lose and I’ve come out with everything. Great strength, global friends, amazing learning, mentors from professors, a job I love, and the knowledge that I can set my mind to achieve anything and with the right support and resources I’ll get there.† . Kashani Wijetunga British, New Zealand Sri Lankan Associate Director Senior Strategy Consultant CBRE EMBA Class of 2019 . â€Å"The first time we did group work on the program, I went head-to-head with a colleague. It taught me a lot about how I see people, how people see me, and how conflict can be resolved in a kind and productive way. The best feedback you get, when delivered constructively, is the most critical because it really feeds into how you lead. I’ve completely reversed my leadership style—the result is so much richer and more powerful when you lead from behind and lead with strength. . Studying in tandem with working, whilst challenging, gave me the perfect platform to directly apply learning concepts into my business environment, the competitive landscape, and the real-estate industry as a whole. When I started the program, I was very happy in my corporate role. But my courage and aspirations grew to the point that I took on a whole new direction. Having my career coach, Joanna, as a sounding board allowed me to really be strategic and get to know myself. She coached me thro ugh all the interviews, the research, and the questions. It went in parallel with what I was doing academically and after six months everything just clicked. . I went into the EMBA knowing I had nothing to lose and I’ve come out with everything. Great strength, global friends, amazing learning, mentors from professors, a job I love, and the knowledge that I can set my mind to achieve anything and with the right support and resources I’ll get there.† . Kashani Wijetunga British, New Zealand Sri Lankan Associate Director Senior Strategy Consultant CBRE EMBA Class of 2019 . â€Å"It was now or never. I knew that I’d have likely stayed in my neighborhood for years to come if I didn’t take this opportunity. I’d not lived or studied outside of the U.S. before. So I left my job as a global strategist at an advertising agency and moved halfway around the world. I’ve come back a more culturally aware, well-versed person. I’ve realized that everything is a learning experience and an opportunity for growth. Ill definitely carry this mindset with me into the future. Technology and social media allow us to be different people in several places at once. Im excited to see how I can establish myself in whatever city Ill be lucky enough to call home and still maintain deep connections with people all over the world. I’m inspired by my classmates every day. Hearing some of their life stories and how getting this degree fits into their greater mission has been very humbling. My biggest challenge has been finding the ‘right’ path for me. There have been rooms Ive felt like I shouldnt be in, but now Im proud to feel as though I truly belong, wherever I am.† . Dwayne Logan, Jnr. American MBA Class of 2019 . â€Å"It was now or never. I knew that I’d have likely stayed in my neighborhood for years to come if I didn’t take this opportunity. I’d not lived or studied outside of the U.S. before. So I left my job as a global strategist at an advertising agency and moved halfway around the world. I’ve come back a more culturally aware, well-versed person. I’ve realized that everything is a learning experience and an opportunity for growth. Ill definitely carry this mindset with me into the future. Technology and social media allow us to be different people in several places at once. Im excited to see how I can establish myself in whatever city Ill be lucky enough to call home and still maintain deep connections with people all over the world. I’m inspired by my classmates every day. Hearing some of their life stories and how getting this degree fits into their greater mission has been very humbling. My biggest challenge has been finding the ‘right’ path for me. There have been rooms Ive felt like I shouldnt be in, but now Im proud to feel as though I truly belong, wherever I am.† . Dwayne Logan, Jnr. American MBA Class of 2019 . Happy New Year, Hultians! . Happy New Year, Hultians! .

Application Consultant How Lists Can Jumpstart the Personal Statement

Lists: The Solution to, But Not Cause of, All of Life's Problems. Early applications for colleges are due in just one week! Whether you're among the many students nationwide who are still struggling to figure out their common app essay, or you're applying regular decision and don't even know how to start, read on! Today, Adrienne, one of our top application consultants in Boston shares her favorite technique for breaking free of writers' block. The Vital Importance of Making Lists When you’re stuck at any stage of a personal statement for any application—college, b-school, med school, etc.—turn off the computer, pull out a piece of paper, and make a list. Then make another one. There’s no wrong way to make a list, and you can never have too many lists. Your lists can be organized into different topics, but don’t let these headings constrain you: I find that the best brainstorming lists tend to be the ones that go off topic and wind their way into areas you didn’t even know you wanted to explore. Make lists of secret passions, embarrassing anecdotes, weird collections, places you’ve been, people you wish you were, memories you can’t seem to forget. Let your lists be almost like free association: â€Å"figure skating in Central Park† might remind you of â€Å"figure drawing in Mr. Smith’s house† which might lead you to â€Å"treehouse fight in New Hampshire,† â€Å"first time I saw the leaves changing colors,† â€Å"refrigerator rainbow-colored alphabet magnets on the fridge,† â€Å"last piece of Aunt Shirley’s chocolate cake,† â€Å"horrible piano duets with Matt the Spitter at the holiday recital,† etc. etc. Write quickly and don’t look backwards to revise your list as you go. Longtime New Yorker writer and essayist extraordinaire John McPhee says that when he was nineteen, he wrote down a long list of topics that interested him. Over fifty years later, he says that about ninety per cent of his many, many essays and books have started from an idea on that original list. The beauty of a list is that it practically spouts ideas for you when you’re convinced the well has run dry. Don’t think as you write: your list doesn’t have to be pretty, and it doesn’t have to be connected to anything, and you can repeat things, and circle back to them, and nothing has to make sense. But after about ten minutes, you’ll have a whole slew of new places to go. Here are three examples from my experience in college application consulting that show how making a list can help you work through some of the many snags that come up when you’re working on the personal statement: Will H. Will’s high-school resume was chock-full of extracurriculars—student government president, treasurer of the drama club, cross-country skiing, Future Business Leaders of America, etc. Even though he loved all his activities, when it came time to tackle the personal statement, he didn’t feel like any one of them had provided him with that â€Å"eureka† moment for his essay. He went through multiple drafts of the standard leadership anecdotes, and though any of them could have worked, none of them felt like they represented him. Instead, he tried listing all the things he hadn’t done: what did this already very accomplished kid want to try in college that he hadn’t done before? The answer surprised himself: ballet dancing. But the more he thought about it, the more excited he became about the idea of trying ballet, and he ended up writing his essay about this passion he hadn’t quite realized he had before making his list. Kathyrn S. Kathryn was preparing to apply to med school, but she didn’t feel like anything on her resume made her different from every other med school applicant. She had good, but not great, grades; she’d done hospital rotations, but hadn’t found her true calling; she’d worked in a lab, but she hadn’t coauthored a groundbreaking white paper; she’d volunteered in a clinic down the block one summer, but she hadn’t built one from scratch in Afghanistan. Sifting through them all to find that one perfect golden ticket felt pointless: she knew she wanted to be a doctor, but this was a combination of a lot of small things. So she made a list of everything she’d done that had made her realize she wanted to go to medical school, and she began to build her essay from the ground up: by weaving together and adding each small reason, one by one, she was able to take a profile that seemed generic to her and turn it into a compelling personal narrative. Beth D. Beth knew that she had a powerful story to tell for her college application: her father had been diagnosed with a degenerative illness a few years ago, which meant that she had had to take on a lot of extra responsibilities for her family, both physically and psychologically. But she didn’t feel comfortable talking about herself in that way: Beth was afraid she’d come across as braggy or self-righteous. Instead of trying to launch directly into the story of her father’s illness and how she’d coped with that, she made a list of lots of personal snapshots of times when she’d felt most like herself and how she’d handled unfamiliar situations. She started the essay with one of these anecdotes and only later opened up into the story of her father’s illness. By making lists of topics she felt more comfortable writing about, she was able to find a way into her essay that felt like herself. These are just a few examples of how making a simple, personal list can help you give your personal statement the kick up the pants it needs. If you're still having trouble, consider giving Cambridge Coaching a call for a free consult. We have college and other admissions consultants available in New York, Boston, and online, and we have the experience and expertise necessary to help you put together a winning application. Give us a call today! ; ;

The Normal Science of Structural Contingency Theory - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2463 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Science Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? The Normal Science of Structural Contingency Theory    Introduction The recurrent set of relationships between organizational members can be considered to be the structure of the organization. This includes the authority relationships, the reporting relationships as signified in the organization chart, the behaviors required by organizational rules, the patterns in decision making such as decentralization, patterns of communication and other behavior patterns. Contingency theory states that there is no single organizational structure that is highly effective for all organizations. It sees the structure that is optimal as varying according to certain factors (contingency factors) such as organizational strategy, size, task uncertainty and technology. Organizational characteristics in turn reflect the influence of the environment in which the organization is located. Thus, in order to be effective, the organization needs to fit its structure to the contingency factors of the organization and thus to the environment. The task of contingency research is to identify the particular contingency factor or factors to which each particular aspect of organizational structure needs to fit. This involves the construction of theoretical models of fits between contingency and structural factors and their testing against empirical data. Origins of Structural Contingency Theory Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Normal Science of Structural Contingency Theory" essay for you Create order Up until about the late 1950s academic writing about organizational structure was dominated by the classical management school. This held that there was a single organizational structure that was highly effective in organizations of all kinds. This structure was distinguished by a high degree of decision-making and planning at the top of the hierarchy. From the 1930s onwards the human relations school focused on the individual employee as possessing psychological and social needs. The focus here was on the bottom-up processes of organizing and the benefits of participation in decision-making by employees from lower levels of the hierarchy. There were attempts to bring together these two antithetical approaches of classical management and human relations by arguing that each approach had its place. Thus Contingency theories developed in the 1950s and 1960s on topics such as small-group decision making and leadership. The core assumption of structural contingency theory is that low uncertainty tasks are most effectively performed by centralized hierarchy since this is simple, quick and allows close coordination cheaply. As task uncertainty increases, through innovation or the like, then the hierarchy needs to loosen control somewhat and be overlain by participatory, communicative structures. As size increases the compact, simple centralized structure is replaced by a bureaucracy featuring a tall hierarchy and extensive specialization. Burns and Stalker pioneered the contingency approach to organizational structure. They distinguished between the mechanistic structure in which organizational roles were tightly defined by superiors who had the monopoly of organizational knowledge, and the organic structure in which organizational roles were loosely defined and arrived at by mutual discussion between employees, with knowledge being dispersed among the employees who possessed varieties of expertise germane to the organizational mission. Burns and Stalker argued that where an organization faces a stable environment then the mechanistic structure is effective, but where the organization faces a high level of technological and market change then the organic structure is required. Woodward conducted a comparative survey study of one hundred manufacturing organizations. She examined their organizational structures and found them to be unrelated to the size of their organizations. Operations technology emerged as the key correlate of organizational structure. Woodward used quantitative measures of organizational structure, such as the span of control of the first line supervisor, the number of levels of management in the hierarchy and the ratio of direct to indirect labor. She gives many quantitative results showing associations between operations technology and various aspects of organizational structure. Lawrence and Lorsch have been credited with initiating the term â€Å"contingency theory†. They theorized that the rate of environmental change affected the differentiation and integration of the organization. Lawrence and Lorsch advanced their theory in a comparative study of different organizations in three industries: containers, processed foods and plastics. They demonstrated their environments had higher performance. Hage similar to Burns and Stalker showed that centralized, formalized organizations produced high efficiency but low innovation rates while decentralized, less formalized organizations produced low efficiency but high innovation rates. Perrow argued that knowledge technology was a contingency of organizational structure. The more codified the knowledge used in the organization and the fewer the exceptions encountered in operations, the more the organization could be centralized in decision making. Thompson distinguished closed system organizations versus organizations which are open systems transacting with their environments. He argued that organizations attempt to insulate their core production technologies into a closed system to render them efficient through buffering the core from the environment. Thompson argued that the environment directly shaped the organizational structure, with different parts of the organizational structure being specialized to conform to the requirements of different parts of the environment. Blau advanced a theory of structural differentiation. This asserted that as an organization grows in size (employees) so it structures itself more elaborately into increasingly numerous sub-units, such as more divisions, more sections per division, more levels in the hierarchy. He also argued that organizational growth leads to greater economies of scale with the proportion of employees who are managers or support staff declining. Weber argued that organizations were becoming increasingly bureaucratic structures, characterized by impersonal administration, fostered in part by their increasing size. Chandler showed historically that strategy leads to structure. Corporations need to maintain a fit between their strategy and their structure otherwise they suffer lower performance. Egelhoff in particular, advances a formal contingency theory based on the underlying information processing requirements. Structural Contingency (Theory Model) The contingency theory model of the way organizational structure changes as the contingencies change through growth. Both the internal and the environmental factors are referred to as contingencies, many contingency factors of structure such as organizational size or technology are internal to the organization. A small organization, one with few employees, is organized effectively in a simple structure in which there are few levels in the hierarchy. Decision making authority is concentrated in the top manager who exercises power directly over the lower-level employees. As the organization grows in size, especially in the number of employees, the structure becomes more differentiated. Many more levels are added in the hierarchy, Some of the decision making authority of the top managers is delegated down to them, commensurate with their greater knowledge of local, operational matters. Throughout the organization there is a greater division of labor as operations are broken down into their components and allocated to specific departments and work groups. As organizations seek to innovate, in products or services or production processes, so this entails more uncertain tasks. These tasks cannot be formalized by the bureaucracy, and the tasks cannot be pre specific in advance in a rule or procedure because this would require knowledge that the bureaucrats do not possess. So the organization has to allow employees discretion and encourage them to use their initiative, with the actual division of labor involving team elements and emerging through discussion between employees rather than being imposed by hierarchical superiors. The Structural Contingency (Research Paradigm) The theory is sociological functionalism, sociological functionalism explains social structures by their functions, that is their contributions to the well-being of society. The organizational sociological branch of functionalism posits that organizational structures are shaped so as to provide for effective functioning by the organization. The adaptation by the organization to its environment makes structural contingency theory part of adaptive functionalism. The functionalist theoretical base has meant that the contingency paradigm can be pursued both by sociologists interested only in the explanation of organizational structure, for whom the functionality of a structure is purely a cause, and management theorists for whom the effectiveness outcomes of structures inform their prescriptive advice to managers. The adaptive functionalism, contingency-fit model and comparative method constitute the core of the paradigm of structural contingency theory. They provide a framework in which subsequent researchers work. The Normal Science Phase: Replication and Generalizations The studies of replication and generalization constitute much of the normal science research in the structural contingency literature. During the 1970s there arose an interest in whether different national cultures require different forms of organizational structure that render the general structural contingency theories false. The initial orientation of most researchers is that they expect that they may find the contingency-structure relations of the pioneering studies but that such general assertions are to be treated cautiously until verified empirically in each particular, new setting. The Aston Group gave emphasis to replication. The multiple dimensions of organizational structure found in the pioneering study were not found in some replication studies, some of which found a single main dimension. The main contingency-structure findings of the original study have been supported: size is the major contingency of the bureaucratic structuring of the activities aspect of organizational structure. Replication studies bear this out. Further studies show that this finding generalizes across organizations of many types and nations in diverse locations. The size-functional specialization relationships generalizes globally. Causal Dynamics SARFIT theory mentioned that there is fit between each contingency and one (or more) aspect of organizational structure such that fit positively affects performance and misfit negatively affects performance. This causes adoption of a new structure so that fit is regained and performance restored. Hence the cycle of adaptation is: fit, contingency change, misfit, structural adaptation, new fit. Commentators have argued against the SARFIT. The call is made by commentators for structural contingency theory studies to move beyond cross-sectional or synchronic research designs into those that study organizational change through time, that is longitudinal or diachronic studies. Thus part of normal science has been the move to make studies through time in order to reveal the actual causal paths. Dynamics of Strategy and Structure The fit of strategy and structure is positively related to performance. Thus the proposition that the fit between strategy and structure affects performance receives support. When organizational change is examined by a model that more accurately captures the full processes involved in structural adaptation then structural contingency theory is confirmed. Where the simplistic model that contingency change leads to structural change is used to analyze data it leads to the erroneous conclusion that structural contingency theory is not supported. This is normal science at work: resolving findings contrary to theory by showing that the empirical testing procedure was erroneous. The correlation between strategy and structure does not arise through structure causing strategy. This adds confidence that the causal dynamics are those identified in the SARFIT model. Strategic Choice The determinism of Structural contingency theory is has been much criticized, critics argue, more moderately, that the contingencies have some influence but that there is a substantial degree of choice (strategic choice). The choice for managers and other organizational controllers arises from several sources. He points out the decision making process that intervenes between contingency and structure. Managers (and other organizational controllers) vary in their response to the contingency according to their perceptions, their implicit theories, preferences, values, interests and power. A corporation in a dominant market position, such as monopoly or oligopoly, or a corporation in a protected industry, has sufficient excess profit, or organizational slack, that it can absorb a decrement in performance, due to structural misfit, without the profit level becoming unsatisfactory. Thus managers of such organizations may retain a misfitting structure that they prefer for a long time. Child argues that when a misfit is no longer tolerable and fit must be restored this can be done by retaining the structure and altering the contingency to fit the structure. Thus there is no imperative to adapt structure to contingency for there is an alternative route to regain fit. Research into strategy and structure shows that organizations in misfit may delay adoption of a new, fitting structure for lengthy periods, up to decades. Structural adaptation empirically tends to occur when the organization in misfit has low performance. This is consistent with the strategic choice argument. For most firms, the degree of organizational slack enjoyed through market domination would be almost exhausted by structural misfit so that performance would decline below the satisfying level, leading to structural adaptation. Strategic choice theory argues that an organization in misfit can regain fit by altering its contingency to fit its structure, thereby avoiding the necessity of changing a structure that the managers prefer. Strategic choice theory often has a negative aspect in that it seeks to assert a role of managerial choice by showing that managers select structures that are less than optimal for the situation, Thus choice is manifested by selecting a structure different from that which the contingencies determine to be most effective. However, more positive, sense of choice is that managers select the structure which moves the organization into fit with the contingencies thereby increasing organizational effectiveness through bowing to the system imperatives. Thus they exercise choice and are the human actors making the system respond but the outcome is beneficial for the organization and in conformity with contingency theory. Fit and Performance Multidimensional model of fit would more richly capture the idea of fit. It would be more complex, as each structural variable has in practice only a limited number of contingencies. Many structural variables have as their contingencies only a limited set of contingency variables, mostly restricted to one or a few out of the variables of size, strategy, task uncertainty and public accountability. The Challenge of Other Paradigms As part of the growing pluralism in the study of organizations, since about the mid 1970s new paradigms have arisen in sociology and economics which offer explanations of organizational structure additional to those available in structural contingency theory. Reflections on The Structural Contingency Theory Paradigm The normal science of structural contingency theory has been pursued by a number of scholars. However, it is has declined in popularity since 1970. There have arisen many new and different approaches, for example, institutional theory in the US and action theory in the UK. The normal science of structural contingency theory has been pursued only by some students of organization. Nevertheless their results have indicated that considerable progress has now been made in solving puzzles and advancing a strengthened structural contingency theory. Many contemporary empirical researchers take the contingency-structure relationship as basic and then add on variables and interpretations from the newer structural paradigms. Structural contingency theory began as a synthesis between the opposed ideas of the classical management and human relations schools, it is not inappropriate that it in turn should become synthesized with other organization theories in a wider model. Proponents of structural contingency theory will see it as providing the major component of the new synthesis. Proponents of the other organization theories will see structural contingency theory as providing only a minor part and their own preferred theory as providing the major component of the new synthesis. 1

Racial Profiling by Police Is Ineffective and Reduces...

Racial Profiling is law enforcement and private security practices that disproportionately target people of color for investigation and enforcement. Racial Profiling occurs across the United States and an overwhelming number of Hispanics and African Americans, including children, are being stopped. Some may say â€Å"racial profiling is an ineffective and degrading practice that violates civil rights† while others say that it is â€Å"necessary to counter terrorism and reduce crime.† In my opinion, stop and frisk is unfair and against citizens constitutional rights therefore, making it illegal and horrible, but I do believe it’s a tactic taken by police to ensure no crimes are happening and it is also an effective way to counter†¦show more content†¦The Federal Department of Transportation discovered that in the days, weeks and months after the 9/11 terrorist attacks that the airlines had naturally begun scrutinizing passengers who appeared to be of Midd le Eastern descent. All of the attackers of 9/11 were Saudi Arabian and Muslim men. Racial profiling also played a significant role in the case of American Airlines from Paris. Passengers on board of the plane, unburdened by the rules and regulations of the Federal Department of Transportation, knew that the Muslim man nervously rocking in his seat was up to no good. Without hesitation, several passengers knocked him to the floor and tackled Richard Reid seconds before he detonated a bomb located in his shoe, potentially killing all of the passengers on board. Judging someone based off their ethnicity is just something people will do no matter what and as a result of racial profiling, terrorism could be stopped. Many people think racial profiling, stop and frisking, is only based upon someone’s ethnicity, but I believe that there is more behind stopping someone. I don’t think police stop someone solely based upon them being Hispanic or African American. Recent studies show that â€Å"90 percent of all those who commit murder and other violent crimes are black and Hispanic† resulting in police naturally questioning suspicious people of blackShow MoreRelatedRacial Profiling by Police Is Ineffective and Reduces Public Safety908 Words   |  4 Pagesmany people living in the United States. Millions of people were affected by the terrorist attacks. Since then airport security has changed as well as police techniques. When police are at work they use many techniques to decrease their suspect pools. Racial profiling is the most common technique used. The dictionary definition for racial profiling is â€Å"the use of race or ethnicity as grounds for suspecting someone of having committed an offense.† This is the most controversial technique that our governmentRead MoreEssay on Criminal Profiling1253 Words   |  6 PagesCriminal profiling is one of few first things to think of when it comes to forensic psychology. 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Effectiveness ........................................................................................................... 9 THE OPPORTUNITY TO BE HEARD ..................................................................... 11 SCOPE OF â€Å"SAFETY ZONE† REQUIRED TO PASS EQUITABLE AND CONSTITUTIONAL MUSTER................................................ 14 CHARACTERISTICS OF IDAHO GANGS ............................................................. 16 POSSIBLE MORE EFFECTIVE ALTERNATIVES Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesEmotion Regulation 115 OB Applications of Emotions and Moods 115 Selection 116 †¢ Decision Making 116 †¢ Creativity 116 †¢ Motivation 117 †¢ Leadership 117 †¢ Negotiation 117 †¢ Customer Service 118 †¢ Job Attitudes 119 †¢ Deviant Workplace Behaviors 119 †¢ Safety and Injury at Work 119 †¢ How Managers Can Influence Moods 120 Summary and Implications for Managers 121 Self-Assessment Library How Are You Feeling Right Now? 98 Self-Assessment Library What’s My Affect Intensity? 104 Myth or Science? We Are BetterRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesValuation 229 229 253 279 1. The Value−Based Management Framework: An Overview 2. Why Value Value? 4. The Value Manager Harvard Business Review Finance Articles Eclipse of the Public Corporation 308 308 323 323 330 330 Article How I Learned to Live with Wall Street Article Second Thoughts on Going Public Article Reed−Lajoux †¢ The Art of M A: Merger/Acquisitions/Buyout Guide, Third Edition 10. Postmerger Integration 336 336 Text Hodgetts−Luthans−Doh †¢ International Management

Oedipus Complex in Hamlet Essay - 805 Words

Oedipus Complex in Hamlet In Shakespeare’s Hamlet, Hamlet’s personality can be explained by the Oedipus Complex. Throughout the play there are many times where he proves that he has Oedipus Complex. Oedipus Complex was not around at the time that that Hamlet was written. It just shows that Shakespeare saw the same personality complex’ as Freud. Freud first named the Oedipus Complex Theory in his book , An Interpretation of Dreams, in 1899. Freud states The child takes both of its parents, and more particularly one of them, as the object of its erotic wishes. Freud explains that it is normal to have sexual desires for the parent of the opposite sex. These are normal in children and usually dissipate after the age of five. When†¦show more content†¦He spent a lot of time at war. Although he had anger towards him, he could never show it. He repressed it. For Claudius on the other hand, Hamlet’s feelings of hatred are expressed much more openly. Hamlet internally fights w ith his feelings towards Claudius. His father has come to him as a ghost, telling him that Claudius is responsible for his murder. Hamlet must avenge his father, but struggles to do so. Subconsciously, Hamlet identifies with Claudius. Hamlet envies Claudius for killing his father and taking his position next to Gertrude. This is everything Hamlet has subconsciously wanted to do. So in essence he cannot kill Claudius because, in part, he would be killing himself. Hamlet is consumed with thoughts of his mother having sexual relations with Claudius. A very significant part of the play is Act III Scene IV. This is where Hamlet and his mother meet in her closet. The closet is very meaningful because this signifies hiding. The bedroom is significant because this is where private situations occur. Maybe Shakespeare played out this important scene in the bedroom to show the sexual feelings Hamlet has for his mother. In this scene Hamlet confronts his mother about her relationship with Claudius. He does not come off as a son asking concerning questions towards his mother. He acts jealous while he asks her how she can stand to be touched by him. These are not normally son toShow MoreRelatedHamlet and the Oedipus Complex1537 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s Hamlet is a play about indecision, apprehension, and inner turmoil. Hamlet, the main protagonist, struggles within himself, attempting to muster the courage to avenge his fatherà ¢â‚¬â„¢s death by the hand of the current King, Claudius, who is also his late father’s brother. There seem to be many possible reasons for Hamlet’s delay in doing so. However, the one theory that answers all the questions is that Hamlet was possessed by his own Oedipus Complex , that is, he was deeply in loveRead MoreEssay on Hamlet and the Oedipus Complex1319 Words   |  6 Pages When examining Hamlet through the lens of the Oedipus complex, it is critical to first define and thoroughly explain the Oedipus complex, then to apply it to Hamlets relationships, before a final conclusion is reached. The Complexities of the Complex Before one can understand the Oedipus complex, one must understand Sigmund Freuds theory on infantile sexuality. The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy points out that the roots of Freuds theory can be foundRead More Hamlet and the Oedipus Complex Essay1229 Words   |  5 PagesHamlet and the Oedipus Complex  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   William Shakespeares play Hamlet contains very similar elements to Sophocles Greek Myth, Oedipus Rex. In the late 1800s through early 1900s, a Doctor based out of Vienna, named Sigmund Freud, developed a theory based on the events of the play Oedipus Rex, which has since been coined the Oedipus Complex.   Ernest Jones also applied his knowledge of Freudian psychology and wrote a persuasive paper suggesting that Hamlet cannot kill his uncle Claudius becauseRead More Hamlets Oedipus Complex Essays1190 Words   |  5 Pagescharacters who embody the elements of the classic Oedipus Complex, that of a son with an undue and unhealthy attachment to his mother. D.H Lawrenceamp;#8217;s Sons and Lovers, along with other early modernist works, shows how a sonamp;#8217;s bond to his mother can lead to that characteramp;#8217;s major downfall. Even earlier than works of the late 19th Century does the Oedipus Complex appear, in this case, William Shakespeareamp;#8217;s Hamlet. Shake speareamp;#8217;s play about the Prince ofRead More Hamlet and the Oedipus Complex Essay1218 Words   |  5 PagesHamlet and the Oedipus Complex Hamlet is the typical kind of son almost every father and mother would want: intelligent, loving, caring, strong and loyal. Yet, some scholars believe that he is just another emotional character, defying our eyes to think that his acts are innocent, when his real purpose is to take his mother for himself. This gives scholars, like Ernest Jones, the impression that Hamlet’s actions were encouraged by an Oedipus complex, characterized by feelings of intenseRead MoreOedipus-Complex In Shakespeares Hamlet1962 Words   |  8 Pagespsychoanalyst, Sigmund Freud, coined the term Oedipus-complex in 1910 when explaining a child’s psychological desire for his opposite-sex parent. Coupled with this desire is a bitter sense of rivalry with the parent of the same sex, as the child feels envious and compelled to win the affection of the coveted parent (Freud 19). Shakespeare’s Hamlet, although written prior to the development of this theory, is often referenced as a pr ime example of this complex. Hamlet famously descends into madness in an effortRead MoreOedipus Complex, Penis Envy, And The Tragedy Of Hamlet2112 Words   |  9 PagesAlthough it may be a difficult idea to grasp, Shakespeare employed some of Sigmund Freud’s concepts long before Freud himself was even a figment of his ancestor’s imagination. Many scholars discuss Shakespeare’s use of the Oedipus complex, penis envy, and many of Sigmund Freud’s other famous concepts and while a proxy family may not be a Freudian concept specifically, it certainly enables them. Many of Shakespeare’s works include a main character who has a strained relationship with their parentRead MoreLove Thy Mother Most Peculiar Essay1235 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract: Does Hamlet, a character in Shakespeare’s historical play, have the Oedipus complex? Do we truly understand the semantics of the Oedipus complex? Many critics have had different opinions. According to Webster’s online dictionary, the Oedipus complex is a â€Å"complex of males; desire to possess the mother sexually and to exclude the father; said to be a source of personality disorders if unresolved† (Websters Online Dictionary, 2011). Another source defines the Oedipus complex as â€Å"the attachmentRead More No Oedipal Complex Found in Hamlet Essay1150 Words   |  5 Pages No Oedipal Complex Found in Hamlet nbsp; Some scholars have interpreted Hamlets actions throughout Hamlet to be the Oedipus complex.nbsp; According to the story of Oedipus, Laius, his father, learned from an oracle that Oedipus would kill him.nbsp; Laius then left his son to die on a mountain, where he was found and raised by the King of Corinth.nbsp; Oedipus was also told that he would someday kill his own father, and fled Corinth because he believed that the King of Corinth was his realRead MoreFree Hamlet Essays : Freud s Hamlet 1656 Words   |  7 PagesFreud applied to Hamlet Hamlet is another one of William Shakespeare plays that ends in a tragedy, the play is about Hamlet, a prince from Denmark. Hamlets father was killed by Hamlets uncle, Hamlet wants to avenge his father’s death. Like most of Shakespeare’s plays Hamlet ends as a tragedy, everyone dyeing except Horatio, Hamlets friend, and the kingdom ends up in the power of Norway. According to Sigmund Freud’s the three structure of the human mind are the id, the superego and the ego. The id

Essay on Driunk Driving Statistics - 1109 Words

How many times have you made it home safely while drinking and driving? Hopefully you have never tried. In 2011, on average someone died every 53 minutes from an alcohol related accident in the US alone (2011 Drunk Driving statistics). It is illegal to drive under the influence in all of North America and Puerto Rico. A car crash is considered â€Å"alcohol-related† if at least one driver or pedestrian involved in the crash has a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of .08 grams per deciliter (g/dL) or higher (2011 Drunk Driving statistics). There are many solutions to drinking and driving; however there are ways to get around just about every solution. Drinking and driving is a huge problem in the United States. When someone is driving while†¦show more content†¦First, the Ignition Interlock system is a Breathalyzer that can be installed into a person’s car. Before the person is able to start their car, they have to blow into the Breathalyzer that is installed in their car. The Breathalyzer will measure the amount of alcohol in the persons system at that time. As long as they blow under the legal limit of 0.8 g/dL, their car will start. If it is higher, the ignition will lock and the car will not be able to start (Bose). When the minimum drinking age was raised from 18 to 21 years old, it reduced alcohol related crashes by 16 percent. Finally, the zero tolerance law has helped to reduce alcohol related crashes by a further 11 percent (Bose). Also, if you get pulled over, the officer might have you do a few things called Field Sobriety Tests. You may be asked to stand with one lag lifted off of the ground for a few s econds. They may also ask you to do the â€Å"walk and turn test.† The officer will ask the driver to walk in a straight line putting one foot directly in front of the other, turn, and walk back the same way. There are also a few other tests that the officer can ask you to do. If you are drunk, the police officer will see that the appropriate actions are taken (FreeAdvance staff). The most effective tactic seems to be the immediate cancelation of the driver’s license the first time a

Young, Wild and Free free essay sample

We dont care who sees so what we go out? Thats how its supposed to be Living young and wild and free [Verse 2: Wiz Kali] And I dont even care Cause if me and my team in there Theres goanna be some weed in the air Tell me Mac [Verse 2: Snoop Dog Blowing ever. Where we going and now you known When I step right up, get my lighter so I can light up [Wiz Kali] Thats how it should be done Soon as you thinking youre down Find how to turn things around Now things are looking up [Snoop Dog] From the ground up, pound up, this Taylor Gang So turn my sound up and mount up and do my thanNow Im chilling, fresh out class, feeling Like Im on my own and I could probably own a building Got my own car, no job, no children Had a science project, me and Mac killed it T. We will write a custom essay sample on Young, Wild and Free or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page H-C, WA-C, D. E. V, H. D-3, high as me This is us, we goon fuss And we gong fight and we goon roll And live off life So what we get drunk? So what we smoke weed? Were just having fun So what we go out?

Pride And Prejudice (823 words) Essay Example For Students

Pride And Prejudice (823 words) Essay Pride And PrejudiceBlindnessThe dictionary definition of pride is a sense of ones proper dignity or value. The dictionary definition of prejudice is an adverse judgment or opinion formed beforehand without knowledge of the facts. When you add these two themes together, you get the book Pride and Prejudice. The very basis of this book is on pride and prejudice. According to these definitions, pride and prejudice is blindness towards reality. Throughout the book, the various characters judge each other by using pride and prejudice. An example of this is made by Mr. Bennett and sets the tone for the rest of the novel. Mr. Bennett is talking to his wife about the arrival of the rich Mr. Bingley. Mrs. Bennett says that she would like one of their five girls to marry him so that they would be situated well for the rest of their life. Mr. Bennett shows his prejudice by saying, Design! Nonsense, how can you talk so! However, it is very likely that he may fall in love with one of them, and therefore you must visit him as soon as he comes(Pg. 5).According to the book, all of the daughters are blessed with beauty. Mr. Bennett must be implying that although his daughters are beautiful, they may not be rich enough or have high enough standards to be considered by Mr. Bingley. He is blind to the feeling of love due to his relationship with his own wife. The majority of the story is based on the feelings between Elizabeth Bennet and Mr. Darcy. Both characters are very self centered, causing them to put up blinders. Elizabeth Bennet is a middle class woman who always likes to be treated the same by everybody, no matter who they are. She believes herself to be plenty good enough for any man. Mr. Darcy especially is blind to any status other than wealth. Mr. Darcy is an extremely rich fellow. These two represent the most pride and prejudice in the book. Mr. Darcy is the perfect example of pride and Elizabeth is a good example of prejudice. Their story starts near the beginning where they meet at a local ball. Mr. Darcy pays little attention to her because his pride will not let him deal with a lower class member. He says this of her, She is tolerable, but not handsome enough to tempt me(Pg.12). He also says this when asked to find someone to dance with, I certainly shall not. You know how I detest it, unless I am particularly acquainted with my partner. At such an assembly as this, it would be insupportable. Your sisters are engaged, and there is not another woman in the room whom it would not be a punishment to me to stand up with(Pg. 12).Elizabeth overhead some of these remarks and she starts her hatred for Darcy. In addition, these remarks lead Elizabeth to think that Darcy said these remarks just because he has standards were too high for her. The tensions are high between these two until the next time they see each other. At this point, both are blind to any assets, but Darcy begins to show some interest in her beauty. The story progresses, Darcy loses his blinders and gains interest in her wit and beauty while Elizabeth hates him increasingly. During this time, Mr. Darcy uses his power to break up Jane Bingley and Mr. Bingley for the reason that he believes that they are not truly in love with each other. Elizabeth thinks that he is doing this because of his prejudice for the lower class. Darcy proposed to Elizabeth and she smoothly said no without seeing him as a man, but as a beast. She stated, I have every reason in the world to think ill of you. .u28c497b06bc051f0e0e0c38efd8c8d43 , .u28c497b06bc051f0e0e0c38efd8c8d43 .postImageUrl , .u28c497b06bc051f0e0e0c38efd8c8d43 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u28c497b06bc051f0e0e0c38efd8c8d43 , .u28c497b06bc051f0e0e0c38efd8c8d43:hover , .u28c497b06bc051f0e0e0c38efd8c8d43:visited , .u28c497b06bc051f0e0e0c38efd8c8d43:active { border:0!important; } .u28c497b06bc051f0e0e0c38efd8c8d43 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u28c497b06bc051f0e0e0c38efd8c8d43 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u28c497b06bc051f0e0e0c38efd8c8d43:active , .u28c497b06bc051f0e0e0c38efd8c8d43:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u28c497b06bc051f0e0e0c38efd8c8d43 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u28c497b06bc051f0e0e0c38efd8c8d43 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u28c497b06bc051f0e0e0c38efd8c8d43 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u28c497b06bc051f0e0e0c38efd8c8d43 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u28c497b06bc051f0e0e0c38efd8c8d43:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u28c497b06bc051f0e0e0c38efd8c8d43 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u28c497b06bc051f0e0e0c38efd8c8d43 .u28c497b06bc051f0e0e0c38efd8c8d43-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u28c497b06bc051f0e0e0c38efd8c8d43:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Reformation in continental Europe and England and Essay No motive can excuse the unjust and ungenerous part you acted there. You dare not, you cannot deny that you have been the principal, if not the only means of dividing them from each other, of exposing one to the censure of the world for caprice and instability, the other to its derision for disappointed hopes, and involving them both in misery of the acutest kind(Pg. 162).Later, Darcy writes a letter to Elizabeth, explaining why he broke up Jane and Mr. Bingley. Elizabeth reads this letter and begins to understand the pride that Mr. Darcy has for himself. After reading the letter, her blindness towards him becomes shaken. After a series a small story lines in the book, Elizabeth finds out that Darcy bribed Mr. Wickham into marrying Lydia Bennett, Elizabeths sister. She is grateful for this but feels that it was not necessary. She also realizes that Darcy is not a bad person at heart. Then Darcy decided to ask her in marriage again, this time she gladly said yes. Finally, the blinders come down and the characters are realistic.English Essays

Modesty free essay sample

Woman must not wear mens clothing, nor a man wear womens clothing, for the LORD your God detests anyone who does this. The desire to emulate men in dress has seriously affected the fine and noble characteristics of womanhood. Often it takes a second glance to determine the sex of a woman today, due to the distorted and strange garb she wears and the close proximity of her attire to that of a man. The Scriptures call this practice an abomination unto God, or something God hates. Perhaps some will say this standard has changed due to the inception of the age of grace introduced by Jesus Christ. But this verse deals with moral law and with the nature of God, which never change, not with a ceremonial ritual fulfilled by Christ. Moreover, when the Apostle Peter wished to instruct Christian women about proper conduct, he used Sarah, the wife of Abraham, as his example (I Peter 3:5). We will write a custom essay sample on Modesty or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Thus, we are not out of order in this instance to use a verse of Scripture from the law. We rightfully go back over the years and learn a spiritual lesson that sharply rebukes the customs and practices of our day. You see, all these questions that people argue about can be settled just by plain old common sense. The principle is to let the appearance be different enough that folks won’t have any doubt. That’s the way to answer it all. You don’t have to get everybody’s ok on this piece of clothing, or that one, just draw the line and determine to wear something that no one will ever have a doubt about. It’s going to look like man’s clothing. It’s going to look like women’s clothing. What about when working out in the field? What about women working in factories? What about women who have to climb on ladders? Don’t they need something modest? Yes, they do need something modest. I used to see women out in the field picking cotton and so on. I used to see them wear overalls, but I also saw some of them pit dresses on over their overalls. That was common when I was a girl. Now I know that some of them didn’t wear dresses over their overalls. Some of them did others things that were wrong, too. You know, too, there are some other things to wear, such as culottes, which are just as modest and still look feminine. That’s what you ought to wear. If you can’t buy any, get a sewing machine and learn how to sew It’s worth the expense and trouble to make that adjustment if you are going to have convictions. Do not wear clothing that the opposite sex wears. And if you are in doubt about it, just don’t and you will be safe. Just make sure that what you wear identifies you as a male or as a female and not in a way that a person would have to look at the tempting zones of the body to tell whether or not you are a male or female. This is what the Devil wants you to do, and surely you don’t want to cooperate with the Devil on this matter. Second, what do you look like when you wear these clothes? What do you look like from a distance? You’ve had the same experience that I’ve had of being out in public and seeing somebody at a distance and not being really sure if that person is a male or a female. You can’t tell by the clothes, because girls wear pants just like boys do. They wear T-shirts just like boys do. The boys often have their hair just as long as the girls (or the girls’ just as short as the boys), so you look at someone from a distance and you often cannot tell if the person is a male or a female. The only way you can tell is to look at those portions of the body that distinguish between male and female, and by the way, this is the Devil’s reason behind it all. That is what he wants you to look at. He doesn’t want you to look at somebody’s head; he wants you to look other places. That is one of the things that makes this so wrong, and we need to see that. We should not wear clothing which at a distance would make anybody wonder whether we are male or female. Her hair style is again predicated upon the Word of God, which teaches her to let her hair grow uncut: Is it comely that a woman pray unto God uncovered? Doth not even nature itself teach you, that, if a man have long hair, it is a shame unto him? But if a woman have long hair, it is a glory to her: for her hair is given her for a covering (I Corinthians 11:13-15). Here are the biblical guidelines concerning Christian example in dress for women. 1. Modesty 2. Moderation in cost. 3. Inclination toward godliness (decency). 4. Avoidance of outward adornment. 5. Shamefacedness and sobriety. 6. Distinction between male and female. Sailors may have played a role in the dissemination of trousers as a fashion around the world. In the 17th and 18th centuries, sailors wore baggy trousers known as galligaskins. Sailors were also the first to wear jeanstrousers made of denim. These became more popular in the late 19th century in the American West, because of their ruggedness and durability. In ancient China, trousers were only worn by Calvary. According to tradition, they were first introduced by King Wu of Zhao in 375 BC, who copied the custom from non-Chinese horsemen on his northern border. Tim 2:8-10 I want men everywhere to lift up holy hands in prayer, without anger or disputing. I also want women to dress modestly, with decency and propriety, not with braided hair or gold or pearls or expensive clothes, 10but with good deeds, appropriate for women who profess to worship God. Peter 3:1-5 Wives, in the same way be submissive to your husbands so that, if any of them do not believe the word, they may be won over without words by the behavior of their wives, when they see the purity and reverence of your lives. Your beauty should not come from outward adornment, such as braided hair and the wearing of gold jewelry and fine clothes. Instead, it should be that of your inner self, the unfading beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is of great worth in Gods sight. For this is the way the holy women of the past who put their hope in God used to make themselves beautiful. Holy women of old concentrated on adorning their spiritual life by developing the character of the heart. This is the major concentration and beautification of the Christian woman. Thus, the Apostle Peter used the great dedication of women of another age to impress the women of the first century with the need for the ornament or adornment of a meek and quiet spirit. By the same token, we are within reasonable and scriptural rights to insist that Christian women today heed the influential, sensible, and divinely inspired advice of the apostles. Paul admonished women to dress according to certain standards and listed them in this order: modesty, inexpensive and nonornamental attire, and clothing that becomes godliness. To be modest means to be decent and respectful. The apostolic Christian woman seeks to emulate all the fine virtues of Christian womanhood, so she carefully and prayerfully selects her attire in order not to unduly expose her body to the stares of the public. She is not so old-fashioned as to look like a monstrosity, but she is deliberately methodical in choosing clothing that will dignify her womanhood without provoking the stares of the opposite sex. She has dedicated herself to the cause of Christianity. This manner of dedication avoids expensive, extravagant clothing and superfluous, ornamental jewelry, permitting only the functional use of a wristwatch and a wedding band to designate her wedlock. The great needs of Christian evangelism and charitable assistance to the poor demand that she deny herself the exorbitant tastes of expensive fads so that she might practice the Christian art of concern for others. In this manner, she professes a godliness that stems from a heartfelt desire for virtuous, holy living. Holiness involves both the inner man and the outer man (I Corinthians 6:19-20; I Thessalonians 5:23). We must perfect holiness by cleansing ourselves of filthiness both of the flesh and of the spirit (II Corinthians 7:1). For example, lustful thoughts are as sinful as an act of adultery (Matthew 5:27-28). Holiness, then, includes attitudes, thoughts, and spiritual stewardship on the one hand and actions, appearance, and physical stewardship on the other. One without the other is insufficient. Inward holiness will produce outward holiness, but the outward appearance of holiness is worthless without inward holiness. For example, a modest spirit will produce modest dress, but modest dress is of little value if it conceals a lustful heart. Holiness or sanctification is not a means of earning salvation but a result of salvation. As such, it comes by grace through faith. Holiness cannot be manufactured bywords of the flesh but must come as we submit to the leadership and control of the Holy Spirit. We are holy in a twofold sense. On the one hand, we receive an immediate sanctification (separation from sin) through the death of Christ when we are baptized in Jesus’ name and filled with the Holy Spirit (I Corinthians 6:11; Hebrews10:10). God counts us holy by imputing Christ’s righteousness to us. On the other hand, we must follow after and seek holiness (Hebrews 12:14). We must strive after holiness and receive the progressive work of sanctification. We are already sanctified, but we are also called to be saints (sanctified, holy ones) (I Corinthians 1:2). Many times what we wear helps to mold their expectations as well as our own. When a woman wears an immodest dress, she begins to think of herself as seductive and acts accordingly. Other people perceive her as provocative and treat her as such, which reinforces her behavior. In short, appearance both reflects and to large degree determines what we are in the eyes of self and others. The basic reason for modesty of dress is to subdue the lust of the flesh, the lust of the eye, and the pride of life. The exposed body tends to arouse improper thoughts in both wearer and onlooker. To implement the purpose behind modest dress, the body should basically be covered, except for those parts which we must use openly for normal living. This suggests that clothes should cover the torso and upper limbs. Reasonable guidelines, then, would-be women’s dresses over the knee. In addition, we should avoid low necklines, sleeveless dresses or shirts, very tight clothes, very thin clothes, and slacks on women because they immodestly reveal the feminine contours of upper leg, thigh, and hip. Likewise, swimming in mixed company is immodest. Since the primary effect of makeup is to highlight sex appeal, we reject makeup as immodest. To strive to please the Lord. That is the ultimate goal of the Apostolic lady. Those in Pentecost know there is nothing more attractive than a precious saint whose love for Jesus shines upon her face and is shown to the world in a kind character! Does it fit properly? Remember you are a daughter of the King! No reason to dress frumpy, but dont go too far in the opposite direction! Always keep an attitude of modesty in mind! Is it too tight, flashy, or revealing? A good rule of thumb I use to judge an outfit is would I feel comfortable talking to my pastor wearing it? Would I want my daughter to wear it? Many sisters use the four finger rule for necklines. Place four fingers below the notch at the bottom of your neck, if the neckline plunges below your pinkie finger it might be too low! Check the sleeves, if you can see your underclothing or into your shirt when you lift your arms consider the sleeves may be too short or too wide. You want to be able to lift your arms in worship without any doubting! Regarding slits in skirts or dresses, if you were to take a pair of scissors and cut off the skirt at the top, would it be too short? If the answer is yes, then the slit is too high! Sew it shut or add a triangle piece of scrap denim to fill it in! Is it suitable for the occasion? While we always want to look neat and tidy, the Apostolic lady never wants to appear over or under dressed. Take the time to double check, you want to be focused entirely on the Lord and not be worried about your outfit after you leave home! What Should I Look for While Shopping? The Apostolic lady always appears in clothing which celebrates her gender. A good rule of thumb to follow is the outline of her shape should not be defined above the knee. When purchasing a skirt or dress be sure to bend from the waist and at the knee. Sit down in the dressing room and ensure your skirt stays put! Some naysayers will try and convince you that you are handicapped in a skirt, not so! Many sisters enjoy outdoor activities such as horseback riding, hiking, gardening, bike riding etc. while maintaining their modesty and femininity. Remember the more you strive to please the Lord, the more He will bless you! I beseech you therefore, brethren, by the mercies of God, that ye present your bodies a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable unto god, which is your reasonable service. And be not conformed to this world: but be ye transformed by the renewing of your mind, that ye may prove what is that good, and acceptable, and perfect, will of God. Romans 12: 1-2 I Should Be Ashamed To Be Naked. The Bible consistently associates shame with nakedness. This is found in both the Old and New Testaments (Micah 1:11; Nahum 3:5; Rev. 3:18, 16:15). In the beginning, man and woman were completely naked. And they were both naked, the man and his wife, and were not ashamed (Gen. 2:25; all quotations taken from NKJV). There was no shame because there was no knowledge of good and evil. After they sinned, their eyes were opened, they knew that they were naked and sewed fig leaves together to make coverings for themselves (Gen. 3:7). What happened next teaches a lesson that many brethren have yet to learn: We dont have to be completely nude to be Biblically naked. Then the LORD God called to Adam and said to him, Where are you? So he said, I heard Your voice in the garden, and I was afraid because I was naked; and I hid myself. And He said, Who told you that you were naked? Have you eaten from the tree of which I commanded you that you should not eat? (Gen. 3:9-11). Adam was covered with fig leaves, yet he said he was naked and hid himself in shame. Notice God did not tell him he was not naked. He agreed with Adams conclusion. Adam wasnt clothed until verse 21: Also for Adam and his wife the LORD God made tunics of skin, and clothed them. Why was man still naked in the covering he made for himself, but clothed in the covering God made for him? The garment God made was more adequate, not because of the material it was made out of, but because of the parts of the body that it covered. Man was not clothed until his nakedness was covered. Are we going to be so bold in our dress as to reveal what God has covered? Some brethren are. Some people like to play the where is it game when it comes to modesty. Where is the line? How short is too short? How low is too low? How tight is too tight? I played this game too, until I realized that it was avoiding the real issue. Nakedness has to do with exposing parts of the body, not in measuring the fabric of the clothing. As we have already pointed out, we can have clothes on and still be naked in a Biblical sense. While some brethren are looking for that line between modest and immodest, they overlook the fact that the Bible has been very specific in telling us what is to be covered. There are certain parts of the body which, if left uncovered and exposed, constitute nakedness. The Thigh. Take the millstones and grind meal. Remove your veil, take off the skirt, uncover the thigh, pass through the rivers. Your nakedness shall be uncovered, yes, your shame will be seen; (Isaiah 47:2-3). To reveal the flesh of the thigh is to be naked, and should cause shame. Any clothing which reveals the flesh or form of the thigh is immodest. This would include (but is certainly not limited to) shorts, spandex jogging shorts, swimsuits, mini skirts, skirts with long slits, cheerleading uniforms and many athletic uniforms. The Buttocks. So shall the king of Assyria lead away the Egyptians as prisoners and the Ethiopians as captives, young and old, naked and barefoot, with their buttocks uncovered, to the shame of Egypt (Isaiah 20:4). To expose the buttocks is to be naked, and should cause shame. Any clothing which reveals the flesh or form of the buttocks is immodest. This would include short shorts, mens and womens swimsuits, pants hanging off waist, hip-huggers, etc. The B reasts. I made you thrive like a plant in the field; and you grew, matured, and became very beautiful. Your breasts were formed, your hair grew, but you were naked and bare (Ezekiel 16:7). To expose the breast is to be naked, and should cause shame. Any clothing which reveals the breast (in part or in whole), or is specifically made to showcase or augment the form of the breast is immodest. This would include low cut tops, loose fitting sleeveless tops, tube tops, tight sweaters, push-up bras, etc. This would also apply to men going without a shirt, wearing a muscle shirt, or leaving their shirt unbuttoned. 1. The Bible clearly specifies which body parts need covering. To wear clothing which reveals, exposes, or draws attention to these parts of the body is to dress immodestly. Proximity to a large body of water, or to a swimming facility, doesnt make a swimsuit modest. Calling sports (cross-country, wrestling, basketball, gymnastics, etc. ) or cheerleading outfits a uniform does not make them modest. If these popular garments expose the thigh, buttocks or breasts (mens chest), the one wearing them is naked in a Biblical sense, and ought to be ashamed. 2. I Dont Want To Advertise Something About Myself That Isnt True. Our clothing sends a message. The Bible talks about a Christian woman professing godliness in her dress and conduct (1 Timothy 2:9-10). It also talks about the attire of a harlot (Proverbs 7:10). It is interesting to note what some in the world have to say about todays popular fashions. They willingly admit what some Christians try to deny. The legs, breast, buttocks and midriff of a woman will attract the attention of men. The muscular build of a man (shoulders, arms, chest and buttocks) will attract the attention of women. Clothing designers know this, and many of todays fashions are made to empower men and women with the ability to attract this attention to themselves. Most reasonable people will admit that this attention is actually lust. Clothing which reveals parts of the body meant to be covered will incite lust in members of the opposite sex. The clothing is going to do what it is designed to do even if the person wearing it is a Christian. It sends a message that Christians shouldnt be sending. It invites sexual attention. It leads people on. 3. I Dont Want To Cause Another To Stumble. Then He said to the disciples, It is impossible that no offenses should come, but woe to him through whom they do come! It would be better for him if a millstone were hung around his neck, and he were thrown into the sea, than that he should offend one of these little ones' (Luke 17:1-2). The Lord condemned those who would be stumbling blocks. He shows, with graphic language, that it would be better for one to die a brutal death of drowning before offending another than to face Him in judgment after doing so. We have already pointed out that some clothing is designed to produce lust. What is wrong with lust? Why cant we Look But Dont Touch? Whats wrong with giving others something to look at? The Bible does not portray lust as an innocent thing to be enjoyed, but as a dangerous thing to be avoided. Beloved, I beg you as sojourners and pilgrims, abstain from fleshly lusts which war against the soul (1 Peter 2:11). Lusts are those things which will cause us to lose our souls in Hell. Flee also youthful lusts ldots; (2 Timothy 2:22). We are to flee lusts, not invite them. Whatever naturally provokes and excites these sinful lusts must be opposed and avoided -including the wearing of revealing clothing. The sight of bare flesh provokes lust. Young people have more power in this area than many of them realize. They need to be aware, not only of the signals they are sending with immodest clothing, but of the affect it has on others. To dress or behave in such a way as to cause one to lust is to be a stumbling block. I Need To Be Careful To Preserve A Good Conscience. The conscience is what holds everything in check. It is our warning system which tells us when we are about to do something wrong. The Bible warns that after we have violated our conscience enough, it can become hardened and no longer work (1 Tim. 4:2). Once that restraint is gone there is nothing left to keep us from going further into sin, and nothing left through which God can appeal unto us to repent. Some obviously look upon immodest dress as a little thing. Why are some brethren wanting to make such a big deal out of it? Because we know that big things come from little things. The Bible teaches that sin becomes progressively worse, not better: But evil men and impostors will grow worse and worse, deceiving and being deceived (2 Tim. :13). If I can convince myself that nothing is wrong with dressing immodestly, it will not be hard to convince myself that nothing is wrong with mixed swimming, dancing, drinking, bad language, petting and fornication. Conclusion: Approaching immodest dress from this point of view is not meant to leave the impression that the matter is open to personal interpretation. Nakedness is clearly defined for us in the Bible. Gods word specifies what parts of the body are to be covered, and common sense tells us why they need to be covered. Christians who still insist on dressing immodestly are violating both.